The order of precedence for trains governs which train gets priority when two trains have to cross on a single line, or are waiting to use a platform at a station, etc. The train with the higher precedence is given priority, and the other train is made to wait (normally, regardless of how much detention this results in, and even if the other train is already late). If two trains of the same level of precedence but heading in opposite directions are involved, then the train that is nearer to its destination is given priority. (Of course, specific situations such as the need to fuel locomotives or the number of hours worked by train crew may trump these precedence rules.) Trains were traditionally run with the following order of precedence (from highest to lowest):
Breakdown trains headed to accident sites Presidential train Mail Trains Express Trains Troop Trains Specials engaged by the public Ordinary Passenger Trains Mixed train Parcel trains Breakdown trains returning from accident sites Fast through goods trains Work trains Ballast and Material trains The traditional order of precedence reflects the extreme importance given to the delivery of mail on Mail Trains, and how they used to be the fastest trains. In recent decades, though, mail trains have decreased in importance, and various classes of express trains such as the Rajdhanis and Shatabdis get higher prio
Source - IFRCA.org
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